Content+Standards



**English Language Arts Acquisition of Vocabulary** 1. Define the meaning of unknown words by using context clues and the author’s use of definition, restatement and example. 2. Use context clues to determine the meaning of synonyms, antonyms, homophones, homonyms and homographs. 3. Identify the connotation and denotation of new words 4. Identify and understand new uses of words and phrases in text, such as similes and metaphors. 5. Use word origins to determine the meaning of unknown words and phrases. 6. Apply the knowledge of prefixes, suffixes and roots and their various inflections to analyze the meanings of words. 7. Identify the meanings of abbreviations. 8. Determine the meanings and pronunciations of unknown words by using dictionaries, thesauruses, glossaries, technology and textual features, such as definitional footnotes or sidebars.

**Reading Process: Concepts of Print, Comprehension Strategies and Self-Monitoring Strategies** 1. Establish and adjust purposes for reading, including to find out, to understand, to interpret, to enjoy and to solve problems. 2. Predict and support predictions with specific references to textual examples that may be in widely separated sections of text. 3. Make critical comparisons across texts. 4. Summarize the information in texts, recognizing that there may be several important ideas rather than just one main idea and identifying details that support each. 5. Make inferences based on implicit information in texts, and provide justifications for those inferences. 6. Select, create and use graphic organizers to interpret textual information. 7. Answer literal, inferential and evaluative questions to demonstrate comprehension of grade-appropriate print texts and electronic and visual media. 8. Monitor own comprehension by adjusting speed to fit the purpose, or by skimming, scanning, reading on, looking back or summarizing what has been read so far in text. 9. List questions and search for answers within the text to construct meaning. 10. Use criteria to choose independent reading materials (e.g., personal interest, knowledge of authors and genres or recommendations from others). 11. Independently read books for various purposes (e.g., for enjoyment, for literary experience, to gain information or to perform a task).   ** Reading Applications: Informational, Technical and Persuasive Text  1. Use text features, such as chapter titles, headings and subheadings; parts of books including the index and table of contents and online tools (search engines) to locate information. 2. Identify, distinguish between and explain examples of cause and effect in informational text. 3. Compare important details about a topic, using different sources of information, including books, magazines, newspapers and online resources. 4. Summarize the main ideas and supporting details. 5. Analyze information found in maps, charts, tables, graphs and diagrams. 6. Clarify steps in a set of instructions or procedures for proper sequencing and completeness and revise if necessary. 7. Analyze the difference between fact and opinion. 8. Distinguish relevant from irrelevant information in a text and identify possible points of confusion for the reader. 9. Identify and understand an author’s purpose for writing, including to explain, to entertain or to inform.

Reading Applications: Literary Text  1. Explain how a character’s thoughts, words and actions reveal his or her motivations. 2. Explain the influence of setting on the selection. 3. Identify the main incidents of a plot sequence and explain how they influence future action. 4. Identify the speaker and explain how point of view affects the text. 5. Summarize stated and implied themes. 6. Describe the defining characteristics of literary forms and genres, including poetry, drama, chapter books, biographies, fiction and non-fiction. 7. Interpret how an author’s choice of words appeals to the senses and suggests mood. 8. Identify and explain the use of figurative language in literary works, including idioms, similes, hyperboles, metaphors and personification.

Writing Processes  1. Generate writing ideas through discussions with others and from printed material, and keep a list of writing ideas. 2. Conduct background reading, interviews or surveys when appropriate. 3. State and develop a clear main idea for writing. 4. Determine a purpose and audience. 5. Use organizational strategies (e.g., rough outlines, diagrams, maps, webs and Venn diagrams) to plan writing. 6. Organize writing, beginning with an introduction, body and a resolution of plot, followed by a closing statement or a summary of important ideas and details. 7. Vary simple, compound and complex sentence structures. 8. Group related ideas into paragraphs, including topic sentences following paragraph form, and maintain a consistent focus across paragraphs. 9. Vary language and style as appropriate to audience and purpose. 10. Use available technology to compose text. 11. Reread and assess writing for clarity, using a variety of methods (e.g., writer’s circle or author’s chair). 12. Add and delete information and details to better elaborate on a stated central idea and to more effectively accomplish purpose. 13. Rearrange words, sentences and paragraphs, and add transitional words and phrases to clarify meaning. 14. Use resources and reference materials (e.g., dictionaries and thesauruses) to select more effective vocabulary. 15. Proofread writing, edit to improve conventions, (e.g., grammar, spelling, punctuation and capitalization), and identify and correct fragments and run-ons. 16. Apply tools (e.g., rubric, checklist and feedback) to judge the quality of writing. 17. Prepare for publication (e.g., for display or for sharing with others), writing that follows a format appropriate to the purpose, using techniques such as electronic resources and graphics to enhance the final product.

 Writing Applications  1. Write narratives with a consistent point of view, using sensory details and dialogue to develop characters and setting. 2. Write responses to novels, stories and poems that organize an interpretation around several clear ideas, and justify the interpretation through the use of examples and specific textual evidence. 3. Write letters that state the purpose, make requests or give compliments and use business letter format. 4. Write informational essays or reports, including research, that organize information with a clear introduction, body and conclusion following common expository structures when appropriate (e.g., cause-effect, comparison-contrast) and include facts, details and examples to illustrate important ideas. 5. Produce informal writings (e.g., journals, notes and poems) for various purposes. Writing Conventions  1. Spell high-frequency words correctly. 2. Spell contractions correctly. 3. Spell roots, suffixes and prefixes correctly. 4. Use commas, end marks, apostrophes and quotation marks correctly. 5. Use correct capitalization. 6. Use various parts of speech, such as nouns, pronouns and verbs (regular and irregular). 7. Use prepositions and prepositional phrases. 8. Use adverbs. 9. Use objective and nominative case pronouns. 10. Use indefinite and relative pronouns. 11. Use conjunctions and interjections.

 Research  1. Generate a topic, assigned or personal interest, and open-ended questions for research and develop a plan for gathering information. 2. Locate sources and gather relevant information from multiple sources (e.g., school library catalogs, online databases, electronic resources and Internet-based resources). 3. Identify important information found in sources and paraphrase the findings in a systematic way (e.g., notes, outlines, charts, tables or graphic organizers). 4. Compare and contrast important findings and select sources to support central ideas, concepts and themes. 5. Define plagiarism and acknowledge sources of information. 6. Use a variety of communication techniques, including oral, visual, written or multimedia reports, to present information gathered.

 Communication: Oral and Visual  1. Demonstrate active listening strategies (e.g., asking focused questions, responding to cues, making visual contact). 2. Interpret the main idea and draw conclusions from oral presentations and visual media. 3. Identify the speaker’s purpose in presentations and visual media (e.g., to inform, to entertain, to persuade). 4. Discuss how facts and opinions are used to shape the opinions of listeners and viewers. 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the rules of the English language and select language appropriate to purpose and audience. 6. Use clear diction, pitch, tempo and tone, and adjust volume and tempo to stress important ideas. 7. Adjust speaking content according to the needs of the situation, setting and audience. 8. Deliver informational presentations (e.g., expository, research) that: a. demonstrate an understanding of the topic and present events or ideas in a logical sequence; b. support the main idea with relevant facts, details, examples, quotations, statistics, stories and anecdotes; c. organize information, including a clear introduction, body and conclusion and follow common organizational structures when appropriate (e.g., cause-effect, compare-contrast); d. use appropriate visual materials (e.g., diagrams, charts, illustrations) and available technology; and e. draw from several sources and identify sources used. 8. Deliver informational presentations (e.g., expository, research) that: a. demonstrate an understanding of the topic and present events or ideas in a logical sequence; b. support the main idea with relevant facts, details, examples, quotations, statistics, stories and anecdotes; c. organize information, including a clear introduction, body and conclusion and follow common organizational structures when appropriate (e.g., cause-effect, compare-contrast); d. use appropriate visual materials (e.g., diagrams, charts, illustrations) and available technology; and e. draw from several sources and identify sources used. 9. Deliver formal and informal descriptive presentations recalling an event or personal experience that convey relevant information and descriptive details. 10. Deliver persuasive presentations that: a. establish a clear position; b. include relevant evidence to support a position and to address potential concerns of listeners; and c. follow common organizational structures when appropriate (e.g., cause-effect, compare-contrast, problem-solution).

** <span style="display: block; font-size: 120%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; text-align: left;">**Math Number, Number Sense and Operations** <span style="font-family: Times; font-size: 19px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline;">**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; text-align: left; display: block; font-size: 110%;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; text-align: left; display: block; font-size: 88%; font-weight: normal;"> 1. Use models and visual representation to develop the concept of ratio as part-to-part and part-to-whole, and the concept of percent as part-to-whole. 2. Use various forms of “one” to demonstrate the equivalence of fractions; e.g., 18/24=9/12 x 2/2=3/4 x 6/6 3. Identify and generate equivalent forms of fractions, decimals and percents. 4. Round decimals to a given place value and round fractions (including mixed numbers) to the nearest half. 5. Recognize and identify perfect squares and their roots. 6. Represent and compare numbers less than 0 by extending the number line and using familiar applications; e.g., temperature, owing money. 7. Use commutative, associative, distributive, identity and inverse properties to simplify and perform computations. 8. Identify and use relationships between operations to solve problems. 9. Use order of operations, including use of parentheses, to simplify numerical expressions. 10. Justify why fractions need common denominators to be added or subtracted. 11. Explain how place value is related to addition and subtraction of decimals; e.g., 0.2 + 0.14; the two tenths is added to the one tenth because they are both tenths. 12. Use physical models, points of reference, and equivalent forms to add and subtract commonly used fractions with like and unlike denominators and decimals. 13. Estimate the results of computations involving whole numbers, fractions and decimals, using a variety of strategies. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; text-align: left; display: block; font-size: 110%;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline;">Measurement <span style="font-family: Times; font-size: 19px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline;">**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: normal; font-size: 90%;"> 1. Identify and select appropriate units to measure angles; i.e., degrees. 2. Identify paths between points on a grid or coordinate plane and compare the lengths of the paths; e.g., shortest path, paths of equal length. 3. Demonstrate and describe the differences between covering the faces (surface area) and filling the interior (volume) of three-dimensional objects. 4. Demonstrate understanding of the differences among linear units, square units and cubic units. 5. Make conversions within the same measurement system while performing computations. 6. Use strategies to develop formulas for determining perimeter and area of triangles, rectangles and parallelograms, and volume of rectangular prisms. 7. Use benchmark angles (e.g.; 45º, 90º, 120º) to estimate the measure of angles, and use a tool to measure and draw angles. **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline;">Geometry and Spacial Sense <span style="font-family: Times; font-size: 19px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline;">**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: normal; font-size: 90%;"> 1. Draw circles, and identify and determine relationships among the radius, diameter, center and circumference; e.g., radius is half the diameter, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter is an approximation of π. 2. Use standard language to describe line, segment, ray, angle, skew, parallel and perpendicular. 3. Label vertex, rays, interior and exterior for an angle. 4. Describe and use properties of congruent figures to solve problems. 5. Use physical models to determine the sum of the interior angles of triangles and quadrilaterals. 6. Extend understanding of coordinate system to include points whose x or y values may be negative numbers. 7. Understand that the measure of an angle is determined by the degree of rotation of an angle side rather than the length of either side. 8. Predict what three-dimensional object will result from folding a two-dimensional net, then confirm the prediction by folding the net. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: normal; font-size: 120%;"> 1. Justify a general rule for a pattern or a function by using physical materials, visual representations, words, tables or graphs. 2. Use calculators or computers to develop patterns, and generalize them using tables and graphs. 3. Use variables as unknown quantities in general rules when describing patterns and other relationships. 4. Create and interpret the meaning of equations and inequalities representing problem situations. 5. Model problems with physical materials and visual representations, and use models, graphs and tables to draw conclusions and make predictions. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 120%;"> ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 120%;">6. Describe how the quantitative change in a variable affects the value of a related variable; e.g., describe how the rate of growth varies over time, based upon data in a table or graph.
 * Patterns, Functions and Algebra ** **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 120%;"> 1. Read, construct and interpret frequency tables, circle graphs and line graphs. 2. Select and use a graph that is appropriate for the type of data to be displayed; e.g., numerical vs. categorical data, discrete vs. continuous data. 3. Read and interpret increasingly complex displays of data, such as double bar graphs. 4. Determine appropriate data to be collected to answer questions posed by students or teacher, collect and display data, and clearly communicate findings. 5. Modify initial conclusions, propose and justify new interpretations and predictions as additional data are collected. 6. Determine and use the range, mean, median and mode, and explain what each does and does not indicate about the set of data. 7. List and explain all possible outcomes in a given situation. 8. Identify the probability of events within a simple experiment, such as three chances out of eight. 9. Use 0, 1 and ratios between 0 and 1 to represent the probability of outcomes for an event, and associate the ratio with the likelihood of the outcome. 10. Compare what should happen (theoretical/expected results) with what did happen (experimental/actual results) in a simple experiment. 11. Make predictions based on experimental and theoretical probabilities. <span style="text-align: left; display: block; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px;">
 * <span style="font-size: 120%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Data Analysis and Probability **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">